Neurotechnology is a group of technologies that use neural information. The technology has 3 basic components, neural data, theory, and algorithm. Neural data, such as an electroencephalogram (EEG), contains potentially useful information. The information is extracted through a series of signal processing operations. Patterns of the signal are related to behavioural and psychological states by neuroscientific theories. For example, sleep stage theory associates slower EEG activity with deeper sleep. Algorithms find the relevant neural information and make it available for applications such as a sleep quality monitor. All the components must be in place for neurotechnology to work.
For example, in the case of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson's patients, the patients are the primary users of the DBS system. Their doctors might be non-primary users if they use the neural data generated by the system for research. A simpler system, such as gaming headsets, could also have several levels of users. The gamers wearing the headset are the primary users. Their neural data and metadata (e.g. head movements) could be processed online by the gaming platform provider. The provider could also be a non-primary user if it uses the data to train signal classifiers, for example. Multiple layers of users are one of many elements that make discussions about the safe use of neurotechnology complex.
Neurotech devices are regulated under regional safety guidelines. For example, in the EU, deep brain stimulators must comply with the Medical Device Regulation (MDR) Class III, and gaming headsets with scalp EEG sensors are subject to consumer electronics regulations. The regulatory categories reflect to some extent the level of risk. For example, neurotech devices in the consumer electronics category are considered the least risky. Even in this category, users are advised to check:
Or seek advice from independent experts.
The answer depends on your objectives and circumstances, such as user experience, running costs and project deadlines. Good neurotech suppliers will be able to consider your needs and constraints.
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GoodNeuro is independent - we are neither a subsidiary of a neurotech supplier nor a representative of a particular research group. We support research projects and business decisions worldwide. Our approach is based on the 3 basic components of neurotechnology: neural data, theory and algorithm. Our support is not limited to data processing, but is structured and strategic. And we are committed to the healthy development of neurotechnology.